Pleuritic chest pain is a sharp, stabbing pain in the chest that typically worsens with breathing, coughing, or movement. This type of pain is caused by inflammation or irritation of the pleura, the double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs and lining the chest cavity. The pain is often localized to a specific area of the chest and may be described as pleuritic, meaning it is related to the pleura rather than the heart or gastrointestinal tract. The causes of pleuritic chest pain can be diverse and include both infectious and non-infectious conditions. Common causes include pleurisy, where inflammation of the pleura often results from a viral or bacterial infection. Other causes include pneumonia, which can cause localized inflammation and pain in the pleura, and pulmonary embolism, where a blood clot in the lungs leads to pleural irritation. Autoimmune conditions such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis can also lead to pleuritic chest pain. Trauma to the chest, such as rib fractures, can similarly irritate the pleura and cause pain.
Treatment for pleuritic chest pain focuses on addressing the underlying cause. If an infection is the cause, appropriate antibiotics or antiviral medications may be prescribed. Pain relief can be managed with anti-inflammatory medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids to reduce inflammation and alleviate pain. For conditions like pulmonary embolism, anticoagulant therapy or other specific treatments may be necessary. Managing and treating the underlying condition effectively is crucial for relieving pleuritic chest pain and improving overall respiratory health.
